MOROCCO
With GDP of USD 113bn in 2020, Morocco is a medium-sized economy with strong growth potential. The country has been hit very hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to containment measures, external shocks have been significant (collapse of tourism activity and a contraction of demand from Europe). Real GDP declined 6.3% in 2020. The situation could have been worse without a swift response of the authorities, both from a the monetary and fiscal policy perspecitve. Despite a prudent approach, public debt rose markedly to 77% of GDP but the situation is manageable as borrowing costs on the domestic market are favourable and the debt profile is sound. The decision to draw on the IMF’s Flexible Credit Line has also contributed to keep foreign currency reserves at a comfortable level, and so eased pressure on the exchange rate.
In March 2020, the Central Bank widened further the band in which the MAD trades against a basket of currencies from +/-2.5% to +/-5%. The MAD has remained stable without market interventions by the central bank. Further moves are expected but the authorities will continue to follow a cautious approach to give the economy enough time to prepare. Improved MAD flexibility will strengthen international competitiveness and equip the economy to absorb shocks. The strategy is also consistent with the goal to position Morocco as a financial hub.
Looking ahead, the recovery will be gradual and uneven due notably to a very slow pick up in tourism. Real GDP will not return to its pre-pandemic level until 2022. But economic growth potential remains strong, supported by sound macroeconomic fundamentals and a solid banking sector. The fact that the country has been able to increasingly capitalise on its strategic location to become an industrial hub between Europe and Africa is also encouraging. Morocco is now the first car manufacturer in Africa, and high-quality infrastructure and competitive labour costs remain major assets. The recent decisions to overhaul the social protection framework and to restructure the country’s large network of public enterprises could also help as it could place Morocco on a stronger and more inclusive growth path. But some structural constraints will take time to address, such as the relatively low level of human capital. Agriculture remains also highly significant to the economy, resulting in considerable volatility in economic growth.
Summary
BNP Paribas has been present in Morocco since 1943 through its subsidiary BNCIA bank. Today, BNP Paribas supports customers in Morocco through its subsidiary BMCI, which was first incorporated in 1964, and has 17 business centres across the country and direct access to local clearing. BMCI is the predominant foreign bank in Morocco which continues to grow. BMCI focuses on 3 core activities in Morocco: Retail Banking, Corporate & Investment Banking and Financial Services. These core areas comprise is a wide range of complementary business lines including cash management, leasing, factoring, insurance etc. therefore supporting comprehensive, integrated solutions for corporate customers.
Currency
- Moroccan dirham (MAD)
2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | |
Exchange rate: MAD per USD | 9.81 | 9.69 | 9.39 | 9.62 | 9.50 |
Source: IMF, International Financial Statistics, July 2021.
- The Moroccan central bank is Bank Al-Maghrib (www.bkam.ma).
Bank supervision
- Moroccan banks are licensed and supervised by the Banking Supervision Department of Bank Al-Maghrib.
Bank accounts
- A company is considered resident in Morocco if it is incorporated or has its place of effective management is located in Morocco.
Within MOROCCO | Outside MOROCCO | |
Local Currency |
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Not permitted |
Foreign Currency | Permitted with restrictions, fully convertible |
Permitted, fully convertible |
Within MOROCCO | Outside MOROCCO | |
Local Currency | Permitted, convertible. |
Not permitted |
Foreign Currency | Permitted without restriction, fully convertible |
Not applicable |
- Lifting fees are typically applied on a 'per mille' basis on payments between resident and non-resident bank accounts.
Factoring
- No specific legal aspects.
- DISCLOSED / UNDISCLOSED
Both programmes are offered.
- RECOURSE / NON-RECOURSE
Both recourse and non-recourse programmes are offered.
- STRUCTURED PRODUCTS
Not available.
- EXPORT / IMPORT
100% through FCI network.
- CONCENTRATION REQUIREMENTS
30% if multi-debtor agreement.
- MAX. PREPAYMENT %
100%.
- CREDIT COVER %
100%.
- USUAL FUNDING PERIOD
No fixed period of funding.
- OFF-BALANCE SHEET SOLUTIONS
Available.
- INVOICE TRANSFER
Yes, Co-pilot from NiuViu.
- ON-LINE APPLICATIONS
Yes, Co-pilot from NiuViu.
- DELAYED DUNNING
Exceptionally possible.
- DATA FACTORING
Not available.
- CURRENCIES OF FINANCE
MAD (Moroccan Dirhams) only. Legal restriction for other currencies.
Foreign currency through BMCI factoring off-shore.
BNP Paribas Cash Management Capabilities
Cash collections | |
Cheque collections | |
Direct debit collections | |
Domestic incoming transfers | |
Virtual IBAN | |
Virtual accounts | |
International incoming transfers | |
Card acquiring |
Cash withdrawals | |
Cheque payments | |
Direct debit payments | |
Domestic outgoing transfers | |
Commercial cards | |
Virtual cards | |
International outgoing transfers | |
SWIFT gpi | |
Real-time international payments through BNP Paribas’ network | |
Card issuing |
Local e-Banking | |
Global e-Banking - Connexis | |
SWIFT/ host to host |
Payments & collections
Morocco is a cash-based economy. However a growing confidence in, and familiarity of, digital payments has seen the the number electronic payments surge over the past 12 months: online payments with Moroccan cards reached MAD 1.7 billion in the first quarter of 2021, up 36.6%. Transaction volume was up 61.4% to 4.36 million.
Morocco’s 2020-2025 digital development plan aims to modernise social sectors in the country. The central bank meanwhile is focused on accelerating the digitisation of payment services and developing a fintech environment. Regulatory changes have been made to enable non-bank payment institutions such as telecoms companies to operate. In 2020, for example, Orange Money launched its mobile money service, as did Maroc Telco, which launched MT Cash.
Electronic banking services are available from most banks. There is no national electronic banking system in Morocco, so companies use banks’ proprietary services.
Transaction and balance reporting and transaction initiation services are all available.
Online and mobile banking services are provided by the country’s leading banks.
Online payment services are available for the payments of government services as well as utility bills. In 2019, the number of online payments increased 18.2% to 9.7 million on 2018 figures. In value terms, value rose 46.7% to MAD 4.8 billion.
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GSIMT | Type |
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- Credit transfers are used by companies to pay salaries and suppliers, and to make tax payments.
- High-value and urgent credit transfers can be settled in real time via the SBRM.
- Low-value (MAD 10 million or less) credit transfers can be settled on a next-day basis via the SIMT.
- In 2019, credit transfers accounted for 42% of all non-cash payments, and 50% of the value. The number transactions via GSIMT increased 13.2% in 2019 to 84.1 million, with a value of MAD 1,894 billion, a 6.4% increase.
- Direct debits are used for regular payments, such as utility bills.
- Direct debits can be settled on a next-day basis via the GSIMT.
- In 2019, direct debits accounted for 14% of all non-cash payments. In value terms, they comprised 5% of the total.
- The cheque is a cashless payments instrument used by both consumers and companies.
- Cheques are truncated into electronic items before being settled on a next-day basis via the GSIMT.
- Non-standardised cheques can be settled bilaterally between banks.
- In 2019, cheque payments accounted for 13% of all non-cash payments (14% 2018). In value terms, cheques account for 35% of the value of all cashless transactions.
- The share of card payments in the total volume of cashless payments in 2019 was 28%. Value was just 1% of the total.
- There were 17.6 million bank cards in circulation at the end of Q1 2021.
- In Q1 2021, the total number of card payments was 100.9 million, with a value of MAD 84.6 billion, a 2.9% and 4.6% increase on Q1 2020. Growth in card payments is largely due to the increase in payments through Electronic Payment Terminals (EPT). The number of payments via EPTs with Moroccan cards reached 18.8 million transactions in Q1 2021, up 8.11% compared to the same period last year. Value rose 6.9% to MAD 7.2 billion dirhams.
- Visa, Mastercard and CMI-branded cards are most widely issued.
- Card transactions are exchanged via the HPSS payment switch and settled via the domestic Centre Monétique Interbancaire (CMI) payment system. The CMI system has 35 participants.
- All other payments are settled on a same-day basis by individual card-issuing companies or internally by banks.
- Morocco is in the process of migrating to the EMV standard; 92.4% of all cards had migrated to the EMV standard by end -2019.
- There were 7,734 ATMs in Morocco at the end of March 2021.
- There are 55,000 equipped point of sale in Morocco.
- Contactless ATMs were launched in Morocco in 2021.
- All ATMs in Morocco are EMV-compliant.
- Payments are processed via a national switch, the HPS Switch. There are 24 participants in HPS Switch.
- No national electronic wallet schemes exist in Morocco.
- Pre-paid cards are available. As of end-March 2021, there were 2.1 million pre-paid cards in circulation.
- There are more than 440,000 mobile wallets registered in Morocco.
- Mobile payment apps are such as M-wallet, ibriz and Inwi Money available.
- In February 2021, Al Barid Bank launched the country’s first fully digital bank card. The card does not need to be linked to a checking account and can be reloaded like a pre-paid card.
- QR payment codes are available.
- HPS Switch has implemented a new mobile payment switch, HPS Switch Mobile. Seventeen banks participate in the mobile payment Switch.
Short term investments
Interest payable on credit balances
Interest-bearing accounts are permitted.
Demand deposits
- Demand deposits denominated in MAD or major foreign currencies are available.
Time deposits
- Time deposits are available in MAD or major foreign currencies with terms ranging from one month to three years.
Certificates of deposit
- Domestic banks issue certificates of deposit with varying terms.
- They can be issued paying fixed or variable interest.
Treasury (government) bills
- Bank Al-Maghrib issues treasury bills on behalf the Treasury for terms of three, six and twelve months and two years.
- Domestic commercial paper is issued by non-financial companies with fixed rates of interest.Leasing companies in Morocco issue 'Bills of Finance Companies'.
Money market funds
- Mutual investment funds (organismes de placement collectif en valeurs mobilières - OPCVMs) are available.
Repurchase agreements
- Repurchase agreements are available, with maturities ranging from three months to two years.
Banker's acceptances
- Banker's acceptances are not used in Morocco.
BNP Paribas Trade Finance Capabilities
Documentary credits | |
Documentary collections |
Bank guarantees | |
Standby letters of credit |
Receivables | |
Payables | |
Inventory |
Connexis Trade | |
Connexis Supply Chain | |
SWIFTNet Trade for Corporates | |
Connexis Connect | |
Connexis Guarantee | |
SWIFTnet Supply Chain |
- BNP Paribas' subsidiary BMCI's Global Trade Solutions (GTS) team in Morocco comprises 14 people including 5 dedicated senior trade managers based in trade centres located in Casablanca and Tangiers. BMCI is one of the leading trade finance banks in Morocco with a large market share. BMCI's international trade finance activities have been awarded ISO 9001 certification, covering documentary business, foreign currency financing, international transfers and international guarantees received.
International trade
- As a member of the Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA), Morocco has eliminated most trade tariffs with GAFTA member states. GAFTA comprises Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.
- As a member of the Agadir Agreement, Morocco has eliminated trade tariffs with Egypt, Jordan and Tunisia.
- There are five free zones in Morocco.
- Morocco has FTAs with Egypt, Jordan, Tunisia, Turkey, the USA and the UAE and has advanced status with the EU.
- In January 2021, Morocco and Israel signed an economic trade cooperation agreement.
- The African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) is a trade agreement between 55 African Union member states. Free trading officially commenced under the AfCFTA on 1 January 2021.
Imports | Refined petroleum
| Cars and vehicle parts | Natural gas | Coal | Low-voltage protection equipment | |
Primary Import sources | Spain (19.0%) | France (11.0%) | China (9.0%) | USA (7.0%) | Germany (5.0%) | Italy (5.0%) |
Exports | Cars | Insulated wiring | Fertilizers | Phosphoric acid | Clothing | |
Export markets | Spain (23.0%) | France (19.0%) |
2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | ||
Exports | - goods USD m | 19,054 | 21,506 | 24,619.7 | 24,694.7 | 23,663.4 |
- services USD m | 15,340 | 17,330 | 18,633.7 | 19,353.3 | 13,855.0 | |
Imports | - goods USD m | 36,684 | 39,571 | 44,872.3 | 44,465.9 | 39,170.7 |
- services USD m | 8,449 | 9,816 | 10,512.6 | 9,631.5 | 7,088.2 | |
Current account as % GDP % | – 2.1 | – 4.0 | – 6.0 | – 4.2 | NA |
Sources: IMF, International Financial Statistics and World DataBank, July 2021.